The full range of ophthalmological clinical manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus

Purpose To determine the full range of ophthalmological clinical manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to compare features associated with them. Methods Files 13 patients ocular SLE ( n = 20 eyes) diagnosed as per American College Rheumatology (ACR) 2012 revised criteria were retrospectively reviewed. Results The following found: keratoconjunctivitis sicca three patients), anterior uveitis an inflammatory pseudo-tumor orbital mass one patient, eye), episcleritis periorbital edema two eyes), posterior scleritis bilateral papillary context idiopathic intracranial hypertension optic neuritis retinopathies varying degrees capillary occlusions mainly arteriolar seven patients, larger arteries or veins (retinal retinal occlusions) eyes). Some presented combined manifestations. Systemic was discovered by its ophthalmic manifestation cases (23%) previously known other 10 (77%). On average, symptoms seen 8 years after initial diagnosis SLE. Other disorders included cutaneous (77%), joint (38%), central nervous system (CNS) (23%), renal oral ulcers (23%). Treatment local steroid therapies along immunosuppression. most common laboratory ACR were: high levels antinuclear antibodies (ANA) (100%), positive anti-Sm (64%), anti-dsDNA (27%), low complement antiphospholipid (APL) (18%). Discussion activity is characterized functional severity involvement can be categorized anatomical involvement: presence uveitis, episcleritis, scleritis, edema, vascular ischemia, edema. Not currently part given rarity, localization pathology led cases; thus, developing a greater understanding may help identifying treating earlier.